Aerospace Engineering

Fluid Mechanics

The study of fluid behavior (liquids, gases, blood, and plasmas) at rest and in motion is known as fluid mechanics. It has numerous applications in mechanical and chemical engineering, as well as biological and astrophysical systems. The continuity equation (i.e. mass conservation), the momentum principle (or momentum conservation), and the energy equation are the three basic fluid mechanics principles. The Bernoulli equation, which is derived from the motion equation, is a related principle. Fluid mechanics is divided into two branches: fluid statics, which is the study of fluid in a stationary condition, and fluid dynamics, which is the study of fluid in motion. Fluid Flow is a branch of fluid mechanics that studies fluid dynamics. The motion of a fluid subjected to uneven forces is involved. As long as unbalanced pressures are applied, this motion will persist.

Types of Fluids:

Ideal fluid:  When a fluid cannot be compressed and its viscosity does not fall into the category of an ideal fluid, it is considered to be ideal. It's a made-up fluid that doesn't exist in real life. 

Real fluid: All fluids are real since they all have viscosity.

Newtonian fluid: It is defined as one that obeys Newton's law of viscosity.

Non-Newtonian fluid: It is defined as a fluid that does not obey Newton's law of viscosity.

Ideal plastic fluid: It occurs when shear stress is proportional to velocity gradient and shear stress exceeds the yield value.

Incompressible fluid: It is one in which the density of the fluid does not change when an external force is applied.

Compressible fluid: It occurs when the density of a fluid changes when an external force is applied.